whats on the test ?   Charlemagne Unites Germanic Kingdoms:   -Middle Ages ( 476-1453 )   -3 roots in: classical heritage of Rome, beliefs of Roman Catholic Church     -Customs of various Germanic tribes     The overrun of the western half of the Roman empire causes:   -disruption of trade   -downfall of cities   -population shifts to rural areas      Romance languages are: French, Spanish, Portuguese, and Italian     Manor-people were loyal to,the lord, not kingdom.   Serfs, Knights, Lords  (king, church officials nobles, knights, peasants)     Clovis rules Gaul (people known as Franks) works with the Church (511)     Rules:   -Vows of poverty   -Chastity   -Obedience     What is a combination of religious and military rule?   Theocracy     Tithes=church taxes used to build roads and raise armies      Secular-worldly power     Pope Gregory- secular power     Charles Martel (the hammer)-defeats the muslims at the battle of Tours in 732   Franks/Charles win   Tours-c...
 
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